Posts

“Smart code isn’t just about working—it’s about working well, even when your input grows big.” If you’re diving into data structures and algorithms (DSA), the terms time complexity and space complexity will keep popping up. This post will walk you through both—what they mean, why they matter, and how to reason about them—without drowning you in theory. ⏱️ What is Time Complexity? Time complexity tells you how long an algorithm takes as the input size grows. It doesn’t measure real seconds, but how the number of steps grows based on input size n. ...

If you’re brushing up on data structures in Python, linked lists are a great place to start. Unlike arrays (Python’s built-in lists), linked lists are made up of nodes that point to each other — making them flexible for insertions and deletions. This post walks you through implementing a basic singly linked list from scratch in Python. What Is a Linked List? A linked list is a sequence of nodes where: ...

An Attempt to Find Out What is the Story of a Country Based on National Anthems.

To My Friends Across the Border – A Letter to the People of Pakistan We share a deep and intertwined history — one of culture, language, music, cuisine, and the spirit of the subcontinent. In so many ways, we are reflections of each other. And yet, over the decades, we have drifted apart, shaped by different choices, systems, and circumstances. India, with all its flaws and challenges, continues to strive as the world’s largest democracy. Our journey is far from perfect, but we continue to evolve. Pakistan, on the other hand, has struggled with military dominance over civilian institutions. No Prime Minister has completed a full term, and the shadow of the army looms large over your democracy. ...

War is never good. Let’s begin there. It brings pain, loss, and suffering—especially for the brave soldiers who stand at the frontlines. No sensible person should ever celebrate conflict. But let’s also acknowledge a hard truth: that is why nations have armies. Not to seek war, but to be prepared for it when peace is no longer an option. India has, for decades, championed peace in its neighborhood. We’ve tried dialogue and diplomacy in every form—Aman ki Asha, Track II diplomacy, cricket diplomacy, people-to-people exchanges. We extended a hand of friendship, again and again. But what did we get in return? Cross-border terrorism, broken promises, and betrayal. ...

Ask someone about engines and pretty soon it’s all “valve timing” this and “piston stroke” that — and you’re standing there nodding like you get it. But here’s the truth: a motorcycle engine is basically just a loud, slightly unhinged air pump. Let’s keep it simple. No textbooks, no lectures. The Four-Step Dance Every Engine Does Every single time you twist the throttle, your engine is doing the same four moves, over and over: ...

A reflection on how the lies we tell ourselves about peace come at a heavy cost—and why it’s time we confronted the truth.

Richard Feynman wrote a letter to his wife after she died. It was never sent — just something he needed to say.

This article breaks down how neural networks work, from their basic building blocks to real-world applications, in plain language anyone can understand.

Train an image classifier in a few lines of Python, understand the core deep learning workflow, and explore key concepts—without needing a PhD.